Compare East Timor (2005) - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2008)

Compare East Timor (2005) z Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2008)

	East Timor (2005)	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2008)

Administrative divisions	13 administrative districts; Aileu, Ainaro, Baucau, Bobonaro (Maliana), Cova-Lima (Suai), Dili, Ermera, Lautem (Los Palos), Liquica, Manatuto, Manufahi (Same), Oecussi (Ambeno), Viqueque	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order
Age structure	0-14 years: 37.1% (male 196,108/female 189,753) 15-64 years: 59.9% (male 318,173/female 305,479) 65 years and over: 3% (male 15,353/female 16,014) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 23% (male 827/female 790) 15-64 years: 65.9% (male 2,352/female 2,288) 65 years and over: 11.1% (male 359/female 420) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	coffee, rice, maize, cassava, sweet potatoes, soybeans, cabbage, mangoes, bananas, vanilla	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish
Airports	8 (2004 est.)	2 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 15,007 sq km land: NA water: NA	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Connecticut	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Portuguese began to trade with the island of Timor in the early 16th century and colonized it in mid-century. Skirmishing with the Dutch in the region eventually resulted in an 1859 treaty in which Portugal ceded the western portion of the island. Imperial Japan occupied East Timor from 1942 to 1945, but Portugal resumed colonial authority after the Japanese defeat in World War II. East Timor declared itself independent from Portugal on 28 November 1975 and was invaded and occupied by Indonesian forces nine days later. It was incorporated into Indonesia in July 1976 as the province of East Timor. An unsuccessful campaign of pacification followed over the next two decades, during which an estimated 100,000 to 250,000 individuals lost their lives. On 30 August 1999, in a UN-supervised popular referendum, an overwhelming majority of the people of East Timor voted for independence from Indonesia. Between the referendum and the arrival of a multinational peacekeeping force in late September 1999, anti-independence Timorese militias - organized and supported by the Indonesian military - commenced a large-scale, scorched-earth campaign of retribution. The militias killed approximately 1,300 Timorese and forcibly pushed 300,000 people into West Timor as refugees. The majority of the country's infrastructure, including homes, irrigation systems, water supply systems, and schools, and nearly 100% of the country's electrical grid were destroyed. On 20 September 1999 the Australian-led peacekeeping troops of the International Force for East Timor (INTERFET) deployed to the country and brought the violence to an end. On 20 May 2002, East Timor was internationally recognized as an independent state.	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.
Birth rate	27.19 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	13.08 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $107.7 million expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million (1996 est.)
Capital	Dili	name: Saint-Pierre geographic coordinates: 46 46 N, 56 11 W time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Coastline	706 km	120 km
Constitution	22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model)	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste conventional short form: East Timor local long form: Republika Demokratika Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Republica Democratica de Timor-Leste [Portuguese] local short form: Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Timor-Leste [Portuguese] former: Portuguese Timor	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Death rate	6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	6.82 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	none	$NA
Dependency status	-	self-governing territorial overseas collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Grover Joseph REES embassy: Avenida de Portugal, Praia dos Conqueiros, Dili mailing address: Department of State, 8250 Dili Place, Washington, DC 20521-8250 telephone: (670) 332-4684 FAX: (670) 331-3206	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jose Luis GUTERRES chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: 202 965-1515 FAX: 202 965-1517 consulate(s) general: New York (the ambassador resides in New York) (2004)	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	UN Mission of Support in East Timor (UNMISET) has maintained about a thousand peacekeepers in East Timor since 2002; East Timor-Indonesia Boundary Committee continues to meet, survey, and delimit the land boundary, but several sections of the boundary especially around the Oekussi enclave remain unresolved; Indonesia and East Timor contest the sovereignty of the uninhabited coral island of Palau Batek/Fatu Sinai, which prevents delimitation of the northern maritime boundaries; many of 28,000 East Timorese refugees still residing in Indonesia in 2003 have returned, but many continue to refuse repatriation; East Timor and Australia continue to meet but disagree over how to delimit a permanent maritime boundary and share unexploited potential petroleum resources that fall outside the Joint Petroleum Development Area covered by the 2002 Timor Sea Treaty; dispute with Australia also hampers creation of a southern maritime boundary with Indonesia	none
Economic aid - recipient	$2.2 billion (1999-2002 est.)	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France
Economy - overview	In late 1999, about 70% of the economic infrastructure of East Timor was laid waste by Indonesian troops and anti-independence militias, and 300,000 people fled westward. Over the next three years, however, a massive international program, manned by 5,000 peacekeepers (8,000 at peak) and 1,300 police officers, led to substantial reconstruction in both urban and rural areas. By 2003, all but about 30,000 of the refugees had returned. Growth was held back in 2003 by extensive drought and the gradual winding down of the international presence. The country faces great challenges in continuing the rebuilding of infrastructure, strengthening the infant civil administration, and generating jobs for young people entering the workforce. One promising long-term project is the planned development of oil and gas resources in nearby waters, which have begun to supplement government revenues ahead of schedule.	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. France heavily subsidizes the islands to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Fish farming, crab fishing, and agriculture are being developed to diversify the local economy. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh (2002)	46.5 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	NA kWh (2002)	50 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Timor Sea, Savu Sea, and Banda Sea 0 m highest point: Foho Tatamailau 2,963 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Environment - current issues	widespread use of slash and burn agriculture has led to deforestation and soil erosion	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment
Environment - international agreements	NA	-
Ethnic groups	Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian), Papuan, small Chinese minority	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Exchange rates	the US dollar is the legal tender	euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO (since 20 May 2002); note - the president plays a largely symbolic role but is able to veto some legislation; he formerly used the name Jose Alexandre GUSMAO head of government: Prime Minister Mari Bin Amude ALKATIRI (since 20 May 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 14 April 2002 (next to be held in April 2007); after the first legislative elections, the leader of the majority party was appointed prime minister by the president, suggesting a precedent for the future election results: Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO elected president; percent of vote - Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO 82.7%, Francisco Xavier do AMARAL 17.3%	chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Prefect Yves FAUQUEUR (since 28 August 2006) head of government: President of the Territorial Council Stephane ARTANO (since 21 February 2007) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 21 April 2002 (first round) and 5 May 2002 (second round) (next to be held in 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the council
Exports	$8 million (2004 est.)	0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	coffee, sandalwood, marble; note - the potential for oil and vanilla exports	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts
Exports - partners	Indonesia 100%	Spain 33.6%, Belgium 21.8%, India 18.3%, France 9.4%, US 7.5% (2006)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	calendar year
Flag description	red, with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a slightly longer yellow arrowhead that extends to the center of the flag; there is a white star in the center of the black triangle	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with yellow wavy lines under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 25.4% industry: 17.2% services: 57.4% (2001)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $400 (2004 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	1% (2004 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	8 50 S, 125 55 E	46 50 N, 56 20 W
Geography - note	Timor comes from the Malay word for "East"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands	vegetation scanty
Heliports	1 (2004 est.)	-
Highways	total: 3,800 km paved: 428 km unpaved: 3,372 km (1995)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	NA	-
Imports	$167 million (2004 est.)	541.6 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	food, gasoline, kerosene, machinery	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials
Imports - partners	NA	France 51.3%, Canada 31.8%, Belgium 4.1% (2006)
Independence	28 November 1975 (date of proclamation of independence from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of East Timor's independence from Indonesia	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)
Industrial production growth rate	8.5%	NA%
Industries	printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 47.41 deaths/1,000 live births male: 53.71 deaths/1,000 live births female: 40.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	total: 7.21 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.26 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4% (2003 est.)	8.1% (2005)
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICCt, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS (observer), ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, MIGA, OPCW, PIF (observer), UN, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO	UPU, WFTU
Irrigated land	1,065 sq km (est.)	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of Justice - constitution calls for one judge to be appointed by National Parliament and rest appointed by Superior Council for Judiciary; note - until Supreme Court is established, Court of Appeals is highest court	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force	NA	3,450 (2005)
Labor force - by occupation	NA	agriculture: 18% industry: 41% services: 41% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 228 km border countries: Indonesia 228 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 4.71% permanent crops: 0.67% other: 94.62% (2001)	arable land: 12.5% permanent crops: 0% other: 87.5% (2005)
Languages	Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English note: there are about 16 indigenous languages; Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak are spoken by significant numbers of people	French (official)
Legal system	UN-drafted legal system based on Indonesian law remains in place but will be replaced by civil and penal codes based on Portuguese law (2004)	the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral National Parliament (number of seats can vary, minimum requirement of 52 and a maximum of 65 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - for its first term of office, the National Parliament is comprised of 88 members on an exceptional basis elections: (next to be held August 2006); direct elections for national parliament were never held; elected delegates to the national convention named themselves legislators instead of having elections; hence the exceptional numbers for this term of the national parliament. election results: percent of vote by party - FRETILIN 57.37%, PD 8.72%, PSD 8.18%, ASDT 7.84%, UDT 2.36%, PNT 2.21%, KOTA 2.13%, PPT 2.01%, PDC 1.98%, PST 1.78%, independents/other 5.42%; seats by party - FRETILIN 55, PD 7, PSD 6, ASDT 6, PDC 2, UDT 2, KOTA 2, PNT 2, PPT 2, UDC/PDC 1, PST 1, PL 1, independent 1	unicameral Territorial Council or Conseil Territorial (19 seats, 15 from Saint Pierre and four from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 in March 2006 (next to be held in March 2012) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - AD 16, Cap sur l'Avenir 2, SPM Ensemble 1 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect one seat to the French Senate; elections last held 26 September 2004 (next to be held in September 2013); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects one seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held in 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UDF 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 65.9 years male: 63.63 years female: 68.29 years (2005 est.)	total population: 78.76 years male: 76.41 years female: 81.23 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 58.6% (2002)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)
Location	Southeastern Asia, northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda Islands at the eastern end of the Indonesian archipelago; note - East Timor includes the eastern half of the island of Timor, the Oecussi (Ambeno) region on the northwest portion of the island of Timor, and the islands of Pulau Atauro and Pulau Jaco	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)
Map references	Southeast Asia	North America
Maritime claims	territorial sea: NA exclusive economic zone: NA continental shelf: NA exclusive fishing zone: NA	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	East Timor Defense Force (Forcas de Defesa de Timor-L'este, FDTL): Army, Navy (Armada) (2005)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$4.4 million (FY03)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 28 November (1975)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Timorese adjective: Timorese	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French
Natural hazards	floods and landslides are common; earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources	gold, petroleum, natural gas, manganese, marble	fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-4.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Associacao Social-Democrata Timorense or ASDT [Francisco Xavier do AMARAL]; Christian Democratic Party of Timor or PDC [Antonio XIMENES]; Christian Democratic Union of Timor or UDC [Vicente da Silva GUTERRES]; Democratic Party or PD [Fernando de ARAUJO]; Liberal Party or PL [leader NA]; Maubere Democratic Party or PDM [leader NA]; People's Party of Timor or PPT [Jacob XAVIER]; Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor or FRETILIN [Lu OLO]; Social Democrat Party of East Timor or PSD [Mario CARRASCALAO]; Socialist Party of Timor or PST [leader Avelino COELHO]; Sons of the Mountain Warriors (also known as Association of Timorese Heroes) or KOTA [Clementino dos Reis AMARAL]; Timor Democratic Union or UDT [Joao CARRASCALAO]; Timor Labor Party or PTT [Paulo Freitas DA SILVA]; Timorese Nationalist Party or PNT [Abilio ARAUJO]; Timorese Popular Democratic Association or APODETI [Frederico Almeida-Santos DA COSTA]	Archipelago Tomorrow or AD affiliated with UDF/RPR list; Cap sur l'Avenir affiliated with PRG; Left Radical Party or PRG; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP); Saint Pierre and Miquelon 2000/Avenir Miquelon or SPM 2000/AM; Socialist Party or PS; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF
Political pressure groups and leaders	Popular Council for the Defense of the Democratic Republic of East Timor or CPD-RDTL [leader Antonio-Aitahan MATAK] is largest political pressure group; it rejects current government and claims to be rightful government; Kolimau 2000 [leader Dr. Bruno MAGALHAES] is another opposition group; dissatisfied veterans of struggle against Indonesia, led by one-time government advisor Cornelio GAMA (also known as L-7), also play an important role in pressuring government	NA
Population	1,040,880 note: other estimates range as low as 800,000 (July 2005 est.)	7,036 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	42% (2003 est.)	NA%
Population growth rate	2.09% (2005 est.)	0.128% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Dili	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic 90%, Muslim 4%, Protestant 3%, Hindu 0.5%, Buddhist, Animist (1992 est.)	Roman Catholic 99%, other 1%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.96 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.047 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.028 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.855 male(s)/female total population: 1.011 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	17 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	NA	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 508; radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; satellite earth station - 1 in French domestic satellite system
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	4,800 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	-
Television broadcast stations	NA	0 (2 repeaters rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)
Terrain	mountainous	mostly barren rock
Total fertility rate	3.61 children born/woman (2005 est.)	2 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	50% (including underemployment) (1992 est.)	10.3% (1999)

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